Introduction
- The prevalence of OSA in children is 1.2 – 5.7% in western country and is unknown in Myanmar.
- This syndrome has high morbidity if it was not diagnosed and treated timely.
- Behavioral problems, learning difficulties, growth retardation, pulmonary hypertension and congestive cardiac failure are common complications
Objectives
(1) To explore clinical symptoms and signs in children with OSAS in Myanmar
(2) To explore physiological parameters during the diagnostic method
(3) To aware parents and clinicians for common symptoms and signs of OSAS in children for timely referral
(4) To encourage new study on Pediatric OSAS in Myanmar
Research Methodology
- Cross sectional hospital based retrospective study on clinical symptoms, signs and some physiological changes detected by Polysomnogram
- Study period was from January 2013 to September 2017
- 86 children ( <18 year ) with suspected OSAS were include in this study
- All cases were recorded for age, sex, body height and weight. Clinical signs of snoring, apnoea, restless sleep, limb movement, bed wetting, morining headache, abnormal day time sleepiness and learning difficulty were asked. Then patients were checked for tonsil size grading ( G0-G4 ) and conducted subsequent PSG testing ( overnight sleep test)
- Cases were diagnosed by criteria form American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) (Third edition of diagnostic manual 2014)
Results
Off total 86 children, 52 were male and 34 were female. Mean age is 7.17+ or- 3.65 and Mean BMI was 20.92.
Fig. 1 Baseline Characteristics of Suspected Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Children
Among study group, 81 (96.4%) presented with snoring. Among them 61 (75.3%) was found out that AHI = or >1 and diagnosed as OSA
Table.1 Prevalence of clinical features among OSA patients
Figure 3 shows there was correlation between BMI and Apnoea Hypoxia Index (AHI) index in all suspected OSA (n=84) (r=0.438 p = <0.001)
Discussion &Conclusion
- In children with OSA, snoring , apnoea and enlarged tonsils were commonest associated findings.
- BMI had significant positive relation with AHI
- Marked hypoxia was found during sleep in OSA patients
- Every children with any signs and symptoms of frequent snoring, enlarged tonsils, apnoea, bed wetting, overweight, restless sleep, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, morning headache should be screened for OSA and referred to paediatrician for clinical management.
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References
Dr. Zay Ya Aye1, Prof. Saw Win2, Prof. Thein Aung3, Prof. Htar Kyi Sann4, Dr.Khine Nwe Win5, Dr.Thaw Thaw Lin6
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